Aluminum oxide ( Al₂O₃) abrasive discs are commonly used to grind and polish specimens in metallurgy. These discs help remove any irregularities caused by the cutting process and minimize further deformation. There are several advantages to using aluminum oxide discs, including the hardness of the abrasive and the sharp, angular particles that facilitate the cutting action. They come in various grit sizes and offer flexibility, making them suitable for soft metals. Water is used as a coolant during grinding to prevent overheating and remove generated debris. They are available with pressure-sensitive backing or plain backing.